Semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof

ABSTRACT

Of three chips ( 2 A), ( 2 B), and ( 2 C) mounted on a main surface of a package substrate ( 1 ) in a multi-chip module (MCM), a chip ( 2 A) with a DRAM formed thereon and a chip ( 2 B) with a flash memory formed thereon are electrically connected to wiring lines ( 5 ) of the package substrate ( 1 ) through Au bumps ( 4 ), and a gap formed between main surfaces (lower surfaces) of the chips ( 2 A), ( 2 B) and a main surface of the package substrate ( 1 ) is filled with an under-fill resin ( 6 ). A chip ( 2 C) with a high-speed microprocessor formed thereon is mounted over the two chips ( 2 A) and ( 2 B) and is electrically connected to bonding pads ( 9 ) of the package substrate ( 1 ) through Au wires ( 8 ).

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a semiconductor device and a method ofmanufacturing the same. Particularly, the present invention is concernedwith a technique applicable effectively to a multi-chip module (MCM) ora mutli-chip package (MCP) wherein plural semiconductor chips aremounted on one and same wiring substrate.

BACKGROUND ART

As a measure for increasing the capacity of such memory LSIs as flashmemory and DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) there have been proposedvarious memory module structures wherein semiconductor chips (memorychips) with such memory LSIs stacked thereon are sealed in a singlepackage.

For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei4(1992)-302164 discloses a package structure wherein pluralsemiconductor chips having the same function and the same size arestacked in the shape of stairs through insulating layers, and bondingpads exposed to the stair portion of each semiconductor chip areelectrically connected to inner leads of a package through wires.

In Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 11(1999)-204720 thereis disclosed a package structure wherein a first semiconductor chip ismounted on an insulating substrate through a thermocompression-bondedsheet, a second semiconductor chip smaller in external size than thefirst semiconductor chip is mounted on the first semiconductor chipthrough a thermocompression-bonded sheet, bonding pads on the first andsecond semiconductor chips and a wiring layer on the insulatingsubstrate are electrically connected with each other through wires, andthe first and second semiconductor chips and the wires are sealed withresin.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The inventors in the present case are developing a multi-chip modulewherein plural semiconductor chips (hereinafter referred to simply as“chips”) are mounted within a single package.

According to the multi-chip module under development by the presentinventors, a chip having a DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory), a chiphaving a flash memory, and a chip having a high-speed microprocessor(MPU: ultra-small sized processor), are sealed within a single resinpackage, with the intention of realizing a more versatile system than aconventional memory module having plural memory chips sealed with resin.

In the multi-chip module in question, in order to diminish the mountingarea, out of the three chips, the chip having a DRAM and the chip havinga flash memory are arranged side by side on a main surface of a packagesubstrate and are packaged in accordance with a flip-chip method, whilethe third chip having a microprocessor is stacked on the above twomemory chips and is packaged in accordance with a wire bonding method.

In the multi-chip module of the above structure, however, when viewedfrom the standpoint of high-density packaging, the spacing between thetwo memory chips arranged side by side is several μm or so and is thusvery narrow; besides, the third chip is stacked on those two memorychips, so if an attempt is made to seal these memory chips with amolding resin, there arises the problem that the molding resin isdifficult to enter the gap between the two memory chips.

Generally, a silica filler is mixed into the molding resin in order tolet the thermal expansion coefficient of the molding resin approximatethat of a silicon chip. However, the particle diameter (e.g., 70 to 100μm) of the silica filler is larger than the spacing (several ten μm)between the two memory chips referred to above, so this is one reasonwhy the molding resin is difficult to be injected into the chip-to-chipgap.

If the gap between the two memory chips is not filled with the moldingresin, an air pocket (void) is formed therein. Since thermal expansionof the air present in the void is repeated, the molding resin and thechips are peeled off from each other to a greater extent with the voidas the center. As a result, for example when an MCP is mounted on amounting substrate with use of a solder reflow technique, there is afear that a package crack may occur.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a technique forimproving the reliability and attaining high-density packaging and lowcost of a multi-chip module wherein plural chips are mounted on a wiringsubstrate and a main surface thereof is sealed with resin.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a technique forimproving the reliability of a multi-chip module wherein on plural chipsthere is stacked another chip and these chips are sealed with resin.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a techniquecapable of reducing the manufacturing cost of a multi-chip modulewherein on plural chips there is stacked another chip and these chipsare sealed with resin.

The above and other objects and novel features of the present inventionwill become apparent from the following description and the accompanyingdrawings.

Typical modes of the invention disclosed herein will be described belowbriefly.

A multi-chip module according to the present invention comprises awiring substrate with plural wiring lines and plural electrode padsformed on a main surface thereof, a first semiconductor chip mounted ina first area of the main surface of the wiring substrate and connectedelectrically to the wiring lines through a plurality of first bumpelectrodes, a second semiconductor chip mounted in a second area of themain surface of the wiring substrate and connected electrically to thewiring lines through a plurality of second bump electrodes, a thirdsemiconductor chip stacked on the first and second semiconductor chipsand connected electrically to the electrode pads through a plurality ofbonding wires, a first sealing resin injected into a gap between thefirst, second semiconductor chips and the wiring substrate and alsoinjected into a gap formed between the first and second semiconductorchips, and a second sealing resin which hermetically seals the first,second and third semiconductor chips.

A multi-tip module manufacturing method according to the presentinvention comprises the following steps:

-   (a) providing a paper strip-like substrate (designated a    multi-wiring substrate or a multi-substrate) having a main surface    partitioned to plural wiring substrate-forming areas and also having    plural wiring lines and plural electrode pads formed in each of the    plural wiring substrate-forming areas, a first semiconductor chip    having a main surface with plural first bump electrodes formed    thereon, a second semiconductor chip having a main surface with    plural second bump electrodes formed thereon, and a third    semiconductor chip;-   (b) disposing the first semiconductor chip in a first area of each    of the plural wiring substrate-forming areas in such a manner that    the main surface thereof is opposed to the main surface of the    multi-wiring substrate, and disposing the second semiconductor chip    in a second area of the plural wiring substrate-forming areas in    such a manner that the main surface thereof is opposed to the main    surface of the multi-chip wiring substrate, thereby electrically    connecting the first semiconductor chip and the wiring lines of the    multi-wiring substrate with each other through the plural first bump    electrodes, and electrically connecting the second semiconductor    chip and the wiring lines of the multi-wiring substrate with each    other through the plural second bump electrodes;-   (c) injecting a first sealing resin into a gap between the first,    second semiconductor chips and the multi-wiring substrate and also    into a gap formed between the first and second semiconductor chips;-   (d) stacking the third semiconductor chip on the first and second    semiconductor chips in such a manner that a back side thereof is    opposed to the first and second semiconductor chips and thereafter    electrically connecting the third semiconductor chip and the    electrode pads of the multi-wiring substrate with each other through    a plurality of bonding wires;-   (e) hermetically sealing, with a second sealing resin, the first,    second and third semiconductor chips mounted on the main surface of    the multi-wiring substrate; and-   (f) dicing the multi-wiring substrate along boundary portions of the    plural wiring substrate-forming areas to afford wiring substrates    each having the first, second and third semiconductor chips mounted    on the main surface thereof.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a semiconductor device according to a firstembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the semiconductor device of the firstembodiment;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the semiconductor device of the firstembodiment;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a multi-wiring substrate used in manufacturingthe semiconductor device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the multi-wiring substrate used inmanufacturing the semiconductor device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged plan view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing a method of manufacturing thesemiconductor device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged plan view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged plan view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a plan view of a semiconductor chip used in manufacturing thesemiconductor device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a plan view of a semiconductor chip used in manufacturing thesemiconductor device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 15 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 16 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 17 is an enlarged plan view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 18 is a plan view of a semiconductor chip used in manufacturing thesemiconductor device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a semiconductor wafer, showing themanufacturing method for the semiconductor device of the firstembodiment;

FIG. 20 is a side view of the semiconductor wafer, showing themanufacturing method for the semiconductor device of the firstembodiment;

FIG. 21 is an enlarged sectional view of the multi-wiring substrate,showing the manufacturing method for the semiconductor device of thefirst embodiment;

FIG. 22 is an enlarged plan view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 23 is a plan view of the multi-wiring substrate, showing themanufacturing method for the semiconductor device of the firstembodiment;

FIG. 24 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 25 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 26 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the first embodiment;

FIG. 27 is a plan view of a semiconductor chip used in manufacturing asemiconductor device according to a second embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 28 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of amulti-wiring substrate, showing a method of manufacturing thesemiconductor device of the second embodiment;

FIG. 29 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the second embodiment;

FIG. 30 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the second embodiment;

FIG. 31 is an enlarged plan view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the second embodiment;

FIG. 32 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the second embodiment;

FIG. 33 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the second embodiment;

FIG. 34 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the second embodiment;

FIG. 35 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of amulti-wiring substrate, showing a method of manufacturing asemiconductor device according to a third embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 36 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the third embodiment;

FIG. 37 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of themulti-wiring substrate, showing the manufacturing method for thesemiconductor device of the third embodiment;

FIG. 38 is a sectional view of a semiconductor device according to afourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 39 is a sectional view showing a part of FIG. 38 on a larger scale;

FIG. 40 is a pin (terminal) layout diagram in the semiconductor deviceof the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 41 is a plan view of a multi-wiring substrate, showing a layout oftest pins in the semiconductor device of the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 42 is a plan view of the multi-wiring substrate, showing a layoutof a group of address pins and a group of data pins in the semiconductordevice of the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 43 is a plan view showing a layout of a group of address pins and agroup of data pins on a memory chip;

FIG. 44 is a plan view showing an optimal memory chip mounting directionin the semiconductor device of the fourth embodiment;

FIGS. 45( a) to (c) are schematic plan views showing optimal memory chipmounting directions in the semiconductor device of the fourthembodiment; and

FIG. 46 is a sectional view of a semiconductor device according to amodification of the fourth embodiment.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detailhereinunder with reference to the accompanying drawings. In all of thedrawings for illustration of the embodiments, portions having the samefunctions are identified by like reference numerals, and repeatedexplanations thereof will be omitted.

FIRST EMBODIMENT

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an upper surface of a semiconductor deviceaccording to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is asectional view of the semiconductor device, and FIG. 3 is a plan viewshowing a lower surface of the semiconductor device.

The semiconductor device of this embodiment is a multi-chip module (MCM)wherein three chips 2A, 2B and 2C are mounted on a main surface of apackage substrate 1 and are sealed with a molding resin 3. Of the threechips 2A to 2C, two chips 2A and 2B are arranged side by side on themain surface of package substrate 1 and are electrically connected towiring lines 5 on the package substrate 1 through plural Au bumps 4formed on main surfaces of the chips 2A, 2B. That is, the chips 2A and2B are each mounted in accordance with a flip-chip method.

A gap is formed between the main surfaces (lower surfaces) of the chips2A, 2B and the main surface of the package substrate 1, and anunder-fill resin (sealing resin) 6 is injected into the said gap. Thechip 2A is, for example, a silicon chip on which is formed a DRAMincluding a memory circuit having plural memory elements. The chip 2Bis, for example, a silicon chip with a flash memory formed thereon.

The chip 2C is disposed so as to straddle the two chips 2A and 2B and isbonded to upper surfaces of the chips 2A and 2B with an adhesive 7.Bonding pads 13 formed on a main surface of the chip 2C are electricallyconnected to bonding pads 9 on the package substrate 1 through plural Auwires 8. That is, the chip 2C is mounted in accordance with a wirebonding method. The chip 2C is, for example, a silicon chip formed witha high-speed microprocessor (MPU: ultra-small sized processor) includinga processor circuit which operates in accordance with programs.

The package substrate 1 on which the three chips 2A, 2B and 2C aremounted is a multi-layer wiring substrate constituted mainly by ageneral-purpose resin such as an epoxy resin (glass fabric-based epoxyresin) which contains glass fiber. Four to six layers of wiring lines 5are formed on its main surface (upper surface), lower surface, and alsoin the interior thereof.

On the lower surface of the package substrate 1 are arranged pluralelectrode pads 10 in an array form, the electrode pads 10 beingelectrically connected to the wiring lines 5. Solder bumps 11 whichconstitute external connecting terminals of the multi-chip module (MCM)are connected to the electrode pads 10 respectively. The multi-chipmodule (MCM) is mounted for example on a wiring substrate of anelectronic device through the solder bumps 11. The main surface and thelower surface of the package substrate 1 are coated with a solder resist(insulating film) 12 such as an epoxy resin or an acrylic resin,exclusive of the surfaces of connections between the wiring lines 5 andthe chips 2A, 2B, bonding pads 9 and electrode pads 10.

A dimensional example of the multi-chip module (MCM) will now bedescribed. External dimensions of the package substrate 1 are 13 mm longby 13 mm wide and 0.3 mm thick. The thickness of each of the chips 2A,2B, and 2C mounted on the package substrate 1 is 0.15 mm. The spacingbetween two chips 2A and 2B which are arranged side by side is 20 to 100μm. The thickness of the molding resin 3 which seals the chips 2A, 2B,and 2C is 0.66 mm, and the distance from an upper surface of the moldingresin 3 to a lower end of each solder bump 11, i.e., the mounting heightof the multi-chip module (MCM) is 1.468 mm.

Next, a method of manufacturing the semiconductor device of thisembodiment constructed as above will be described below step by stepwith reference to FIGS. 4 to 26.

FIGS. 4 to 8 illustrate a rectangular substrate (hereinafter referred toas “multi-wiring substrate 100”) used in manufacturing the multi-chipmodule (MCM), of which FIG. 4 is an entire plan view showing a mainsurface (chip mounting surface) of the multi-wiring substrate 100, FIG.5 is an entire plan view showing a back side of the multi-wiringsubstrate 100, FIG. 6 comprises a plan view and a side view, showing apart of the multi-wiring substrate 100, FIG. 7 is a sectional viewshowing a part of the multi-wiring substrate 100, and FIG. 8 is anenlarged plan view showing a part (an area corresponding to one packagesubstrate) of the multi-wiring substrate 100.

The multi-wiring substrate 100 is a substrate serving as a matrix of thepackage substrate 1 described previously. By dicing the multi-wiringsubstrate 100 in a lattice shape along dicing lines L shown in FIGS. 4and 5 into individual pieces there are obtained plural packagesubstrates 1. The illustrated multi-wiring substrate 100 is partitionedin its long side direction into six blocks of package substrate-formingareas and in its short side direction into three blocks of packagesubstrate-forming areas, so that there are obtained 3×6=18 packagesubstrates 1.

The multi-wiring substrate 100 is a multi-layer wiring substrateconstituted mainly by a general-purpose resin such as a glassfabric-based epoxy resin. On the main surface of the multi-wiringsubstrate 100 are formed wiring lines 5 and bonding pads 9, while on aback side thereof are formed electrode pads 10. Further, in the interiorof the multi-wiring substrate 100 are formed plural layers of wiringlines 5. By fabricating the package substrate 1 with use of aninexpensive general-purpose resin it is possible to reduce themanufacturing cost of the multi-chip module (MCM).

The wiring lines 5 and the bonding pads 9 on the main surface of themulti-wiring substrate 100, as well as the electrode pads 10 on the backside thereof, are formed by etching Cu foil affixed to both sides of themulti-wiring substrate 100. In the wiring lines 5 formed on the mainsurface of the multi-wiring substrate 100, the surfaces of regions notcovered with solder resist 12, i.e., the surfaces of regions to which Aubumps 4 of chips 2A and 2B are connected, are plated with Ni and Au. Thesurfaces of the bonding pads 9 and electrode pads 10 are also platedwith Ni and Au. These platings can be done by an electroless platingmethod, but the plating layer formed by the electroless plating methodis thin and it is difficult to ensure a sufficient bonding strength whenAu wires 4 are connected onto the bonding pads 9. For this reason, theabove Ni and Au platings are performed by an electrolytic plating methodwhich can afford a thicker film than in the electroless plating method.

In the case where the surfaces of the wiring lines 5, bonding pads 9 andelectrode pads 10 are to be plated with Ni and Au by the electrolyticplating method, the plating is carried out in a state in which thewiring lines 5, bonding pads 9 and electrode pads 10 are conducting inthe whole area of the multi-wiring substrate 100, then the wiring lines5 lying on the dicing lines L are cut with a router, and thereafter eachpackage substrate-forming area is tested for continuity. Therefore, asshown in FIGS. 6 and 7, grooves 101 formed by cutting the wiring lines 5in the above-mentioned areas with the router are left over along thedicing lines L on the main surface of the multi-wiring substrate 100.Since the wiring lines formed continuously between package substratesfor continuity test are cut with the router, the continuity test can beconducted in an individual manner. Besides, since the multi-wiringsubstrate 100 is not cut off completely, it is possible to facilitate ablock molding process and the substrate conveyance which follows. Endportions of cut wiring lines are exposed from side faces of the grooves101.

As shown in FIG. 8, plural bonding pads 13 are formed in the peripheralportion of each package substrate-forming area so as to surround thechip mounting area. The bonding pads 13 are arranged in two rows alongthe four sides of the package substrate-forming area. Between thebonding pads 13 and the chip mounting area is formed a dam area 16 so asto surround the chip mounting area. The dam area 16 is an area in whichthe solder resist 12 is not formed, and its surface height is lower thanthe areas located inside and outside the dam area and in which thesolder resist 12 is formed. Thus, when injecting the under-fill resin 6below the chips 2A and 2B, the dam area 16 functions to prevent theunder-fill resin 6 from flowing to the peripheral portion of the packagesubstrate-forming area, i.e., to the area where the bonding pads 13 areformed.

For fabricating the multi-chip module (MCM) with use of the multi-wiringsubstrate 100, as shown in FIG. 9 (a sectional view showing an areacorresponding to two package substrates) and FIG. 10 (an enlarged planview showing an area corresponding to one package substrate), a resintape 6 a is affixed to the main surface of the multi-wiring substrate100. For example, the resin tape 6 a is formed of a thermosetting epoxyresin with silica dispersed therein, the silica having a particlediameter of about 3 μm. The resin tape 6 a is cut beforehand into a sizealmost equal to two chips (2A, 2B). The resin tape 6 a may also beconstituted, for example, by an anisotropic conductive resin (ACF) witha fine conductive powder dispersed therein. As the resin tape 6 a theremay be used two sheets of tapes divided into a size almost equal to thesize of each semiconductor chip 2A (2B).

Moisture contained in the atmosphere gets into the multi-wiringsubstrate 100 which is left standing in the atmosphere, so if the resintape 6 a is affixed to the main surface of the multi-wiring substrate100 as it is, the adhesion between the two may be deteriorated.Therefore, when the resin tape 6 a is to be affixed to the substratemain surface, it is desirable that the multi-wiring substrate 100 bebaked just before the affixing to remove moisture. For example, bakingconditions involve a temperature of 125° C. and a baking time of 2 hoursor so. If the multi-wiring substrate 100 is treated with plasma afterthe baking process to activate the surface of the substrate, it ispossible to further improve the adhesion between the resin tape 6 a andthe multi-wiring substrate 100.

Next, by a face-down bonding method, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, twochips 2A and 2B are mounted onto the resin tape 6 a affixed to the mainsurface of the multi-wiring substrate 100. At this time, the gap betweenthe chips 2A and 2B is set at a value of 20 to 100 μm. The particlediameter of silica contained in the resin tape 6 a is about 3 μm, soeven if the gap between the two chips is made as narrow as 20 μm, it ispossible to inject the under-fill resin 6 into the above-mentioned gap.On the other hand, if the gap between the chips 2A and 2B is too wide,the gap is not filled to a complete extent with the under-fill resin 6and an air pocket (void) may occur in the gap in a later moldingprocess. Further, widening the chip-to-chip gap means enlarging the areaof each wiring substrate and thus impedes high-density packaging.

As shown in FIG. 13, in accordance with a ball bonding method, Au bumps4 are formed beforehand on the main surface of the chip 2A with a DRAMformed thereon. Also on the main surface of the chip 2B with a flashmemory formed thereon there are formed Au bumps 4 beforehand in the samemanner, as shown in FIG. 14. These Au bumps 4 are formed in the finalstep of a wafer process. More specifically, after completion of theordinary wafer process, Au bumps 4 are formed on bonding pads of waferin accordance with a ball bonding method and thereafter the wafer isdiced to obtain individual chips 2A and 2B.

Usually, bonding pads of a DRAM are arranged in one row centrally of achip, but bonding pads of a flash memory are arranged in two rows alongshort sides of a chip. Therefore, the bonding pads of the DRAM arenarrower in pad pitch than the bonding pads of the flash memory, withconsequent reduction also in pad diameter, (for example, in case of theterminal pitch of the flash memory being 150 μm, that of the DRAM isabout 85 μm). Usually, therefore, Au wires of a small diameter (e.g., 20μm dia.) are used when forming Au bumps 4 on the bonding pads of theDRAM, while Au wires of a large diameter (e.g., 30 μm dia.) are usedwhen forming Au bumps 4 on the bonding pads of the flash memory.

In the multi-chip module (MCM) of this embodiment, however, since thethird chip 2C is stacked on the two chips 2A and 2B, it is necessarythat the mounting height of the chip 2A and that of the chip 2B be madeequal by making both chips equal in chip thickness and the diameter ofAu bumps 4. Therefore, in this embodiment, Au wires used in forming Aubumps 4 on the bonding pads of the flash memory are the same in diameter(e.g., 20 μm dia.) as the Au wires used in forming Au bumps 4 on thebonding pads of the DRAM. In this case, when the thickness (e.g., 25 μm)of the solder resist 12 is taken into account, the Au bumps 4 formed byusing fine Au wires are reduced in the area of contact thereof with thebonding pads and thus there may occur a state of poor contact. In thisembodiment, for ensuring a required area of contact between Au bumps 4and bonding pads, there is adopted a multi-stage bump structure whereinAu bumps 4 are superimposed and bonded onto Au bumps 4.

Next, as shown in FIG. 15, a heat tool (also called heat block) 102having a flat bottom is pushed onto the two chips 2A and 2B. Forexample, the pushing pressure of the heat tool 102 is 15 kg/10 mm² andthe heating temperature is 235° C., whereby not only the resin tape 6 amelts and the gap between the chips 2A, 2B and the multi-wiringsubstrate 100 and the gap between the chips 2A and 2B are filled withthe under-fill resin 6, but also the Au bumps 4 on the chips 2A, 2B andthe wiring lines (not shown in FIG. 15) on the multi-wiring substrate100 are connected together electrically. The under-fill resin 6 isformed for protecting the main surfaces (the surfaces on whichsemiconductor elements and electrodes (bonding pads) are formed) of thechips 2A and 2B, for bonding the chips 2A and 2B to the multi-wiringsubstrate 100, and for ensuring a required strength of connectionbetween the bump electrodes 4 and the electrode pads on the multi-wiringsubstrate 100.

Thus, in this embodiment, by melting the resin tape 6 a formed almostequal in size to the chips 2A and 2B, the gap between the chips 2A, 2Band the multi-wiring substrate 100 and the gap between the chips 2A and2B are filled with the under-fill resin 6. According to this method, forexample in comparison with a resin filling method wherein a liquidunder-fill resin is fed around the chips 2A and 2B with use of adispenser, it is possible to diminish the amount of the under-fill resin6 protruded to around the chips 2A and 2B and therefore the bonding pads9 on the multi-wiring substrate 100, which are arranged so as tosurround the chips 2A and 2B, are not covered with the under-fill resin6.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, a chip 2C is mounted on the two chips2A and 2B. As shown in FIG. 18, bonding pads 13 are formed along thefour sides of a main surface of the chip 2C on which is formed amicroprocessor. The number of the bonding pads 13 is larger than that ofthe bonding pads formed on the chips 2A and 2B. Thus, the chip with arelatively small number of bonding pads is mounted by a face-downmethod, while the chip with a relatively large number of bonding pads ismounted by a face-up method, whereby the wiring density (wiring pitch)of the wiring substrate and the distribution of wiring are decreased andit is possible to provide a high-density package of low cost.

The chip 2C is disposed centrally of each package substrate-forming areaso that the Au wires 8 which connect the multi-wiring substrate 100 andthe chip 2C become as uniform as possible in length. Further, atape-like adhesive 7 pre-cut to the same size as the chip 2C is affixedto a back side of the chip 2C in the following manner. As shown in FIGS.19 and 20, at the time of affixing a dicing tape 15 to a back side of awafer 14 after completion of the ordinary wafer process, the tape-likeadhesive 7 is sandwiched in between the wafer 14 and the dicing tape 15and in this state the wafer 14 is diced to obtain the chip 2C.Thereafter, the dicing tape 15 is removed from the back side of the chip2C, whereby the adhesive 7 of the same size as the chip 2C is leftunremoved on the back side of the chip 2C. As the adhesive 7 there isused a polyimide resin-based adhesive for example.

Next, the multi-wiring substrate 100 is heated within a heating furnaceat 180° C. for 1 hour or so, whereby the adhesive 7 softens and the chip2C is bonded onto the chips 2A and 2B.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, the bonding pads 9 on themulti-wiring substrate 100 and the bonding pads 13 (not shown in FIGS.21 and 22) on the chip 2C are connected together through Au wires 8. Forexample, the connection of the Au wires 8 is performed by means of awire bonder which uses both ultrasonic oscillation and thermocompressionbonding.

Then, as shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, the multi-wiring substrate 100 isloaded into a molding die (not shown) and the whole of the main surfaceof the multi-wiring substrate 100 is sealed with molding resin 3 at atime. The molding resin is a thermosetting epoxy resin with silicadispersed therein, the silica having a particle diameter of about 70 to100 μm for example. As noted earlier, since the gap between the chips2A, 2B and the multi-wiring substrate 100 and the gap between the chips2A and 2B are filled with the under-fill resin 6 in advance, there is nofear of an air pocket (void) being formed in those gaps when the mainsurface of the multi-wiring substrate 100 is resin-sealed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 25, solder bumps 11 are connected to theelectrode pads 9 (not shown in FIG. 25) formed on the back side of themulti-wiring substrate 100. The connection of the solder bumps 11 isperformed, for example, by feeding solder balls of a low melting Pb—Sneutectic alloy to the surfaces of the electrode pads 9 and bysubsequently reflowing the solder balls.

Then, as shown in FIG. 26, the multi-wiring substrate 100 is diced intoindividual pieces along the dicing lines L shown in FIGS. 4 and 5,whereby the multi-chip module (MCM) of this embodiment shown in FIGS. 1to 3 is completed. When dicing the multi-wiring substrate 100, there isused a dicing blade having a width smaller than the width of each of thegrooves 101 (see FIGS. 6 and 7) formed in the dicing lines L of themulti-wiring substrate 100. By so doing, side faces of the packagesubstrate 1 are partially covered with the molding resin 3 (see FIG. 2),so that the amount of moisture entering the side faces of the packagesubstrate 1 from the side faces thereof is decreased and hence thereliability of the multi-chip module (MCM) is improved. The multi-chipmodule (MCM) resulting from the dicing process is mounted through thesolder bumps 11 onto a mounting substrate, e.g., a printed circuit board(PCB).

SECOND EMBODIMENT

A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a secondembodiment of the present invention will be described below step by stepwith reference to FIGS. 27 to 34.

In the previous first embodiment Au bumps 4 are formed on the mainsurface of the chip 2A with a DRAM formed thereon and also on the mainsurface of the chip 2B with a flash memory formed thereon, but in thissecond embodiment there are used solder bumps 20 instead of Au bumps 4.

FIG. 27 is a plan view showing a state in which solder bumps 20 areformed on a main surface of a chip 2A with a DRAM formed thereon. Asshown in the same figure, the solder bumps 20 are arranged in the formof an array on the main surface of the chip 2A. Bonding pads 13 and thesolder bumps 20 are electrically connected with each other through Cuwiring lines 21 called re-wiring lines. The Cu wiring lines 21 functionas an interposer for converting the pitch of the bonding pads 13 to thepitch of the solder bumps 20, whereby the pitch of the solder bumps 20can be made wider than that of the bonding pads 13, so that theexpensive build-up substrate need not be used as the package substrate 1and it is possible to use a less expensive resin substrate having a widepitch of wiring lines 5.

The Cu wiring lines 21 and the solder bumps 20 are formed in the finalstep of the wafer process. That is, after an organic insulating filmsuch as a polyimide resin film is formed on a surface protecting film ofa wafer, Cu wiring lines 21 are formed on the organic insulating film byan electrolytic plating method for example. The Cu wiring lines 21 andthe bonding pads 13 are electrically connected with each other throughthrough-holes formed in the organic insulating film on the bonding pads13. The solder bumps 20 are formed by printing solder paste to one endsof the Cu wiring lines 21 by a screen printing method and bysubsequently heating the wafer to melt the solder paste. For example,the solder bumps 20 are constituted by a Pb—Sn alloy (liquidus linetemperature: 320° C. to 325° C.) including 2 wt % of Sn. Though notshown, Cu wiring lines 21 and solder bumps 20 are formed in the samemanner also on a main surface of a chip 2B with a flash memory formedthereon.

Next, as shown in FIG. 28, the chips 2A and 2B are positioned in each ofpackage substrate-forming areas of a multi-wiring substrate 100, thenthe multi-wiring substrate 100 is heated to about 340° C. within anelectric furnace to reflow the solder bumps 20, thereby electricallyconnecting the solder bumps 20 on the chips 2A and 2B with the wiringlines 5 on the multi-wiring substrate 100.

Then, as shown in FIG. 29, a chip 2C is mounted on the two chips 2A and2B. As in the first embodiment, bonding of the chip 2C with the chips 2Aand 2B is performed using an adhesive 7 affixed to a back side of thechip 2C.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 30 and 31, bonding pads 9 on the multi-wiringsubstrate 100 and bonding pads 13 on the chip 2C are connected togetherthrough Au wires 8. As in the first embodiment, the connection of the Auwires 8 is performed for example by means of a wire bonder which usesboth ultrasonic oscillation and thermocompression bonding.

Then, as shown in FIG. 32, a liquid under-fill resin 6 is fed to theperipheral portions of the chips 2A and 2B with used of a dispenser orthe like and is thereafter heated and cured, whereby the gap between thechips 2A, 2B and the multi-wiring substrate 100 and the gap between thechips 2A and 2B are filled with the under-fill resin 6. Since the liquidunder-fill resin 6 is high in fluidity and the particle diameter (about3 μm) of the silica filler added therein is smaller than the gap (about20 to 100 μm) between the chips 2A and 2B, the chip-to-chip gap can befilled completely with the under-fill resin 6.

In this embodiment, when the liquid under-fill resin 6 is fed to theperipheral portions of the chips 2A and 2B, it is also fed to theperipheral portions of the package substrate-forming areas to cover thesurfaces of the bonding pads 13 with the under-fill resin 6. It is notnecessary for the under-fill resin 6 to cover the surfaces of all thebonding pads 13 completely. If the under-fill resin 6 is cured in thisstate, one end portions of the Au wires 8 connected to the surfaces ofthe bonding pads 13 are fixed by the under-fill resin 6, so that thereliability of connection between the bonding pads 13 and the Au wires 8is improved. Besides, since the wire bonding process is completed beforethe injection of the under-fill resin 6, it is possible, with theunder-fill resin 6, to avoid contamination of the electrode pads formedon the substrate.

Next, as shown in FIG. 33, the multi-wiring substrate 100 is loaded intoa molding die (not shown) and the whole of a main surface thereof issealed with a molding resin 3 at a time. The molding resin 3 is, forexample, a thermosetting epoxy resin with silica dispersed therein, thesilica having a particle diameter of about 70 to 100 μm. As notedearlier, the gap between the chips 2A, 2B and the multi-wiring substrate100 and the gap between the chips 2A and 2B are filled with theunder-fill resin 6 beforehand, there is no fear of an air pocket (void)being formed when the main surface of the multi-wiring substrate 100 isresin-sealed. In this embodiment, moreover, since one end portions ofthe Au wires 8 are fixed to the surfaces of the bonding pads 13 throughthe under-fill resin 6, it is possible to surely prevent breaking of Auwires 8 caused by pressure at the time of injection of melted moldingresin 3 into the molding die.

Then, as shown in FIG. 34, the solder bumps 11 are connected toelectrode pads 10 formed on a back side of the multi-wiring substrate100. Though not shown, the multi-chip module (MCM) of this embodiment iscompleted by dicing the multi-wiring substrate 100 in the same manner asin the first embodiment.

THIRD EMBODIMENT

A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a thirdembodiment of the present invention will be described below withreference to FIGS. 35 to 37.

First, as shown in FIG. 35, solder bumps 20 on chips 2A, 2B and wiringlines 5 on a multi-wiring substrate 100 are electrically connected witheach other, then a chip 2C is mounted on the two chips 2A and 2B throughan adhesive 7, and thereafter bonding pads 9 on the multi-wiringsubstrate 100 and bonding pads 13 on the chip 2C are connected togetherthrough Au wires 8. These steps are the same as those shown in FIGS. 27to 31 in the previous second embodiment.

Then, as shown in FIG. 36, the multi-wiring substrate 100 is loaded intoa molding die (not shown) and the whole of a main surface thereof issealed with resin at a time. At this time, in this embodiment there isused a molding resin 3 with a silica filler added therein, the silicafiller having a particle diameter of about 3 μm, as is the case with theunder-fill resin 6 used in the previous first and second embodiments.The particle diameter of the silica filler added to the molding resin 3is smaller than the gap (about 20 to 100 μm) between the chips 2A and2B, so that the gap between the chips 2A, 2B and the multi-wiringsubstrate 100, as well as the gap between the chips 2A and 2B, can befilled with the molding resin 3 completely. This molding resin 3 isexpensive in comparison with the molding resin 3 with silica of about 70to 100 μm in particle diameter added therein which was used in the firstand second embodiments, but permits omission of the step of injectingthe under-fill resin 6 into the gap between the chips 2A, 2B and themulti-wiring substrate 100 and the gap between the chips 2A and 2B.

Next, as shown in FIG. 37, solder bumps 11 are connected to electrodepads 9 on a back side of the multi-wiring substrate 100 in the same wayas in the first and second embodiments. Thereafter, though not shown,the multi-wiring substrate 100 is diced in the same manner as in thefirst and second embodiment to complete the multi-chip module (MCM) ofthis embodiment.

FOURTH EMBODIMENT

FIG. 38 is a sectional view showing a semiconductor device according toa fourth embodiment of the present invention and FIG. 39 is a sectionalview showing a part of FIG. 38 on a larger scale.

In the semiconductor device of this embodiment is a multi-chip module(MCM) wherein a chip 2A with a DRAM formed thereon is mounted on a mainsurface of a package 1, a chip 2C with a high-speed microprocessor (MPU)formed thereon is stacked on the chip 2A, and the two chips 2A and 2Care sealed with a molding resin 3.

The underlying chip 2A is electrically connected to wiring lines 5 onthe package substrate 1 through Au bumps 4 formed on the main surface ofthe package substrate 1. That is, the chip 2A is mounted in accordancewith a flip-chip method. A gap is formed between a main surface (lowersurface) of the chip 2A and the main surface of the package substrate 1and is filled with an under-fill resin 6.

The overlying chip 2C is bonded to an upper surface of the chip 2Athrough an adhesive 7. Bonding pads 13 formed on a main surface of thechip 2C are electrically connected to bonding pads 9 on the packagesubstrate 1 through plural Au wires 8. That is, the chip 2C is mountedin accordance with a wire bonding method.

Plural electrode pads 10 connected electrically to the wiring lines 5are arranged in the form of an array on a lower surface of the packagesubstrate 1 which packages the two chips 2A and 2C, and solder bumps 11which constitute external connecting terminals (pins) of the multi-chipmodule (MCM) are connected respectively to the electrode pads 10. Themain surface and lower surface of the package substrate 1 are coatedwith a solder resist 12 such as an epoxy resin or an acrylic resinexclusive of the surfaces of the connections between the wiring lines 5and the chip 2A and of the bonding pads 9 and electrode pads 10.

As shown in FIG. 13, the chip 2A with a DRAM formed thereon has arectangular shape in plan and plural Au bumps 4 are arranged in a rowcentrally of the main surface of the chip 2A. The chip 2C with amicroprocessor formed thereon has a generally square shape in plan andbonding pads 13 are formed along the four sides of the main surface ofthe chip 2C. The number of bonding pads 13 formed on the chip 2C islarger than the number of bonding pads (Au bumps 4) formed on the chip2A.

As noted earlier, when the chip 2A having a small number of bonding padsand a large minimum pitch of bonding pads and the chip 2C having a largenumber of bonding pads and a small minimum pitch of bonding pads are tobe stacked one on the other, the chip 2A having a large minimum pitch ofbonding pads is face-down mounted through Au bumps 4, while the chip 2Chaving a small minimum pitch of bonding pads is face-up mounted by wirebonding. By so doing, the requirement for the wiring density of thepackage substrate 1 can be eased, so that it becomes possible to use aless expensive substrate as the package substrate 1 and provide apackage of a low cost and which permits a high-density packaging.

As shown in FIG. 39, when the chip 2C having a generally square planshape is stacked on such a single chip 2A having a rectangular planshape as noted above, there sometimes occurs a case where the peripheralportion of the overlying chip 2C protrudes outwards (overhangs) from theperipheral portion of the underlying chip 2A.

In this case, if the overhanging quantity of the overlying chip 2C islarge, there is a fear that the chip 2C may be cracked under a loadapplied to the peripheral portion of the chip 2C at the time of bondingAu wires 13 onto the bonding pads 13 formed in the peripheral portion ofthe chip 2C. As a countermeasure there is proposed a method wherein theamount of the resin injected into the gap between the underlying chipand the substrate is increased to let the resin be injected also justunder the peripheral portion of the chip 2C (Japanese Unexamined PatentPublication No. 2000-299431). According to this method, even if a loadis applied to the peripheral portion of the overlying chip 2C in wirebonding, it is possible to prevent cracking of the chip 2C because theperipheral portion of the chip 2C is supported with resin.

According to the above countermeasure, however, since the overhangingquantity of the under-fill resin 6 from the underlying chip 2A to theouter periphery thereof is controlled by controlling the amount of thesame resin fed, it is difficult to control the overhanging quantityaccurately. Particularly, if the bonding pads on the main surface of thepackage substrate 1 are contaminated by excess overhanging of theunder-fill resin 6, there is a fear that a disconnection defect betweenthe bonding wires and the bonding pads 9 may occur in the subsequentwire bonding step. For solving such a problem, that is, for preventingcontamination of the bonding pads 9 even with excess overhanging of theunder-fill resin 6, if an attempt is made to ensure a sufficientdistance from the area where the bonding pads 13 of the overlying chip2C are arranged up to the bonding pads 9, this attempt leads to anincrease in size of the package substrate 1 and hence of the MCM, whichis not desirable.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 39, for avoiding contamination ofthe bonding pads 9 even when there are variations in the overhangingquantity of the under-fill resin 6, there is adopted a constructionwherein the bonding pads 13 of the overlying chip 2C are not supportedby the overhanging portion of the under-fill resin 6 in the case wherethe overlying chip 2C overhangs outside the underlying chip 2A. Further,for avoiding crack of the overlying chip 2C in the wire bonding step,the length (h) of an unsupported portion of the overlying chip 2C is setat a value of not larger than 1.5 mm, preferably not larger than 1 mm.

FIG. 40 is a layout diagram of pins (terminals) of the multi-chip module(MCM) according to this embodiment.

The package substrate 1 used in the multi-chip module (MCM) of thisembodiment has a pin layout common to a package substrate designed formounting a single chip 2C with a high-speed microprocessor formedthereon. Therefore, out of the pins shown in FIG. 40, control pins(CASL, RASL, CS3, RDWR, WE1, WE0, all of which will hereinafter bereferred to as “C”), address pins (A0 to A14, all “A” hereinafter), anddata pins (D0 to D15, all “D” hereinafter), are connected using commonwiring lines 5.

In case of constituting the multi-chip module (MCM) by mounting the chip2A in addition to the chip 2C, it is necessary for the package substrate1 to be provided with pins (two or so in the case of DRAM) for testingcharacteristics of the chip 2A in addition to pins for testing electriccharacteristics of the chip 2C. In this embodiment, therefore, as shownin FIG. 41, test pins 11 t for the chip 2A are arranged just under thechip mounting area.

In this case, if the test pins 11 t are arranged near the center of thepackage substrate 1, the wiring lines 5 connected to the test pinsbecome longer and hence the wiring design for the package substrate 1becomes difficult. On the other hand, in order to make shortest thelength of the wiring lines 5 connected to the test pins 11 t, if thetest pins 11 t are arranged in adjacency to the area where other pins(solder bumps 11) are arranged, the distance between the other pins(solder bumps 11) and the test pins 11 t becomes shorter, so that itbecomes difficult to make layout of the wiring lines 5 connected toother pins which are adjacent to the test pins 11 t; in this case, itbecomes difficult to make wiring design for the mounting substrate whichis for mounting the MCM.

For solving the above-mentioned problem, as shown in FIG. 41, the testpins 11 t should not be arranged in adjacency to the area where otherpins (solder bumps 11) are arranged, but it is preferable that the testpins 11 t be arranged inside the other pins through a spacing of onerow. In the case where two or more non-connection pins are included inthe other pins (solder bumps 11), the test pins 11 t may be arranged inthe area where the non-connection pins are arranged.

Thus, the multi-chip module (MCM) is constituted using the packagesubstrate 1 having a pin layout (exclusive of the test pins 11 t) commonto the package substrate which is designed for mounting a single chip 1Cwith a high-speed microprocessor (MPU) formed thereon. With thisconstruction, it is possible to reduce the design cost of the packagesubstrate 1, and also to improve ease in handling the package substitute1.

FIG. 42 illustrates a layout of a group of address pins (A) and a groupof data pins (D) on the package substrate 1. As shown in the samefigure, in the package substrate 1 for packaging the chip 2C having alarge number of pins, like a high-speed microprocessor (MPU), generallyaddress pins (A) are concentrated in a specific area and so are datapins (D), further, the group of address pins (A) and the group of datapins (D) are arranged adjacent each other, whereby it is possible toshorten the wiring length for example when the package substrate 1 isconnected to an external memory chip.

On the other hand, in the chip 2A with a DRAM formed thereon, generallya group of address pins (A) is disposed on one end side and a group ofdata pins (D) is disposed on an opposite end side in the longitudinaldirection of the chip 2A, as shown in FIG. 43.

Therefore, in case of constituting the multi-chip module (MCM) bystacking the chip 2C on the chip 2A as in this embodiment, it ispreferable for the chip 2A to be oriented so that a group of addresspins (A) on the package substrate 1 and a group of address pins (A) onthe chip 2A are arranged adjacent each other and so are a group of datapins (D) on the package substrate 1 and a group of data pins (D) on thechip 2A, as shown in FIG. 44.

According to such a layout, a group of wiring lines 5 for connectionbetween the group of address pins (A) on the package substrate 1 and thegroup of address pins on the chip 2A and a group of wiring lines 5 forconnection between the group of data pins (D) on the package substrate 1and the group of data pins (D) on the chip 2A can be prevented fromcrossing each other and therefore the wiring design of the packagesubstrate 1 becomes easier.

FIGS. 45( a) to (c) show a layout example of a group of address pins (A)and a group of data pins (D) on the package substrate 1, in which thearea indicated with symbol (D>A) represents an area in which data pins(D) are mainly arranged, while the area indicated with symbol (A>D)represents an area in which address pins (A) are mainly arranged. Inthese examples, if the chip 2A with a DRAM formed thereon is oriented asillustrated in the figures, a group of wiring lines 5 for connectionbetween a group of address pins (A) on the package substrate 1 and agroup of address pins (A) on the chip 2A and a group of wiring lines 5for connection between a group of data pins (D) on the package substrate1 and a group of data pins (D) on the chip 2A can be prevented fromcrossing each other on the package substrate 1.

In the multi-chip module (MCM) of this embodiment the chip 2C is stackedon the chip 2A with a DRAM formed thereon, but also in case ofconstituting a multi-chip module (MCM) by stacking the chip 2C on thechip 2B with a flash memory formed thereon, as shown in FIG. 14 forexample, it is preferable that the chip 2B be oriented in the samemanner as above.

More specifically, generally in the chip 2B with a flash memory formedthereon like that shown in FIG. 14, a group of address pins (A) isdisposed along one of two short sides opposed to each other and a groupof data pin (D) is disposed along the other short side. Therefore, alsoin this case, the chip 2B is oriented so that a group of address pins(A) on the package substrate 1 and a group of address pins (A) on thechip 2B are arranged adjacent each other and so are a group of data pins(D) on the package substrate 1 and a group of data pins (D)O on the chip2B, whereby a group of wiring lines 5 for connection between the groupof address pins (A) on the package substrate 1 and a group of addresspins (A) on the chip 2B and a group of wiring lines 5 for connectionbetween the group of data pins (D) on the package substrate 1 and thegroup of data pins (D) on the chip 2B can be prevented from crossingeach other on the package substrate 1.

In case of stacking the chip 2C with a high-speed microprocessor (MPU)formed thereon onto both chip 2A with a DRAM formed thereon and chip 2Bwith a flash memory formed thereon, like the multi-chip module (MCM) ofthe first embodiment, there sometimes occurs a case where the center ofboth chips 2A and 2B serving as a base of the MPU chip 2C does notcoincide with the center of the package substrate 1. Usually, in case ofstacking chips on a wiring substrate, a chip to be stacked is alignedwith a base chip. However, if the MPU chip 2C which is larger in thenumber of pins and smaller in the minimum bonding pad pitch than theDRAM chip 2A and flash chip 2B is offset from the center of the modulesubstrate 1 in an effort to be aligned with the center of the underlyingchips, there arise problems such as the bonding wires being non-uniformin length.

More particularly, the number of bonding pads 9 on the module substrate1 necessary for the connection thereof with the MPU chip 2C is verylarge, so by arranging the bonding pads 9 along the outer periphery ofthe module substrate 1, it is possible to ensure a required spacing ofthe bonding pads 9. However, the greater the degree of offset of the MPUchip 2C from the module substrate 1, the more irregular the distancebetween the bonding pads 13 arranged along the outer periphery of theMPU chip 2C and the bonding pads 9 on the module substrate 1, so thatthe bonding wires 8 become irregular in length and there is a fear ofoccurrence of problems such as wire deformation at the time of sealingwith resin and short-circuit particularly in longer portions of thebonding wires 8.

For solving these problems and for making uniform the distance betweenthe bonding pads 13 and the bonding pads 9 in a misaligned state of theMPU chip 2C with the module substrate 1, it is necessary to narrow thespacing of the bonding pads 9 so that the bonding pads 9 are received onthe main surface of the module substrate 1 or increase the size of themodule substrate 1 so that all of the bonding pads 9 can be arrangedthereon.

Therefore, also in case of arranging the chip 2C on the chips 2A and 2Bwhich are arranged at positions deviated from the center of thesubstrate, if the number of pins on the chip 2C is large in comparisonwith the chips 2A and 2B and if it is necessary to loosen the pitch ofbonding pads 9 corresponding to the pitch C, it is desirable to stackthe chip 2C so as to approximate its center to the center of the packagesubstrate 1 rather than to the center of the chip 2A.

Although the present invention has been described concretely on thebasis of the above embodiments, it goes without saying that the presentinvention is not limited to the above embodiments, but that variouschanges may be made within the scope not departing from the gist of theinvention.

For example, in case of combining a single chip 2A with DRAM formedthereon with a single chip 2C with MPU formed thereon to constitute amulti-chip module (MCM), for example as in the above fourth embodiment,there may be adopted such a method as shown in FIG. 46 wherein a singlechip 2A with DRAM formed thereon and a dummy chip 2D are arranged sideby side on the main surface of the package substrate 1 and the chip 2Cis stacked on the two chips 2A and 2D. In this case, the dummy chip 2Dis formed, for example, by dicing a mirror polish wafer not formed withan integrated circuit and by equalizing its thickness to the sum of thethickness of chip 2A and the height of Au bumps 4. Such a mountingmethod is effective for example in the case where an outside diameter ofthe overlying chip 2C is much larger than that of the underlying chip 2Aand the overhanging quantity (h) of the overlying chip 2C relative tothe underlying chip 2A described in connection with FIG. 39 cannot beset at a value of 1.5 mm or less.

The chip mounted on the package substrate by the flip-chip method is notlimited to DRAM alone, flash memory alone, or a combination of DRAM andflash memory. Various memory chips may be combined arbitrarily such asDRAMs with each other, flash memories with each other, or a combinationof DRAM or flash memory with SRAM (Static Random Access Memory). Also asto the chip to be stacked on the memory chips, no limitation is made toa microprocessor or ASIC, but there may be used a chip formed with LSIof a narrower pitch than memory chips. Further, the number of chipsmounted on the package substrate is not limited to two or three.

On the package substrate there may be mounted other small-sizedelectronic parts than chips, such as capacitors and resistors. Forexample, by mounting a chip capacitor along the outer periphery of amemory chip, it is possible to diminish noise produced during operationof the memory chip and thereby attain a high-speed operation.

Further, various design modifications may be made within the scope notdeparting from the gist of the present invention, such as using abuild-up substrate as a chip packaging substrate or attaching a heatdissipating cap to a part of the package substrate.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

According to one preferred mode for carrying out the present inventionit is possible to improve the reliability of a multi-chip module whereinon plural chips is stacked another chip and the chips are sealed withresin.

According to another preferred mode for carrying out the presentinvention it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of amulti-chip module wherein on plural chips is stacked another chip andthe chips are sealed with resin.

1. A semiconductor device comprising: a wiring substrate having a main surface, a plurality of wiring lines and a plurality of electrode pads; a first semiconductor chip having a main surface, a plurality of semiconductor elements and a plurality of electrodes, the first semiconductor chip being mounted over the main surface of the wiring substrate through a plurality of first bump electrodes in such a manner that the main surface of the first semiconductor chip is opposed to the main surface of the wiring substrate; a second semiconductor chip having a main surface, a plurality of semiconductor elements and a plurality of electrodes, the second semiconductor chip being mounted over the main surface of the wiring substrate through a plurality of second bump electrodes in such a manner that the main surface of the second semiconductor chip is opposed to the main surface of the wiring substrate and that a side face of the second semiconductor chip is adjacent to a side face of the first semiconductor chip; a third semiconductor chip having a main surface, a plurality of semiconductor elements and a plurality of electrodes, the third semiconductor chip being mounted over the first and second semiconductor chips in such a manner that a rear surface of the third semiconductor chip is opposed to rear surfaces of the first and second semiconductor chips; a plurality of bonding wires electrically connecting the plurality of electrodes of the third semiconductor chip and the plurality of electrode pads respectively; a first resin member sealing between the main surface of the first semiconductor chip and the main surface of the wiring substrate, between the main surface of the second semiconductor chip and the main surface of the wiring substrate, and between the side face of the first semiconductor chip and the side face of the second semiconductor chip; and a second resin member sealing the first semiconductor chip, the second semiconductor chip, the third semiconductor chip, part of the main surface of the wiring substrate, and part of the first resin member, wherein the first resin member contains a first silica filler, the first silica filler having a first particle diameter, the second resin member contains a second silica filler, the second silica filler having a second particle diameter, and wherein the first particle diameter is smaller than the second particle diameter.
 2. A semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the first particle diameter is smaller than a distance between the side face of the first semiconductor chip and the side face of the second semiconductor chip.
 3. A semiconductor device according to claim 2, wherein the distance between the side face of the first semiconductor chip and the side face of the second semiconductor chip is about 20 to 60 μm.
 4. A semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first bump electrodes and the plurality of the second bump electrodes are comprised of Au.
 5. A semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the first and the second semiconductor chips include a memory circuit having a plurality of memory elements, and the third semiconductor chip includes a microprocessor circuit adapted to operate in accordance with a program.
 6. A semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein a DRAM or a flash memory is formed on the main surface of the first semiconductor chip.
 7. A semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the first particle diameter is about 70 to 100 μm, and the second particle diameter is about 3 μm.
 8. A semiconductor device comprising: a wiring substrate having a main surface, a plurality of wiring lines and a plurality of electrode pads; a first semiconductor chip having a main surface, a plurality of semiconductor elements and a plurality of electrodes, the semiconductor chip being mounted over the main surface of the wiring substrate through a plurality of first bump electrodes in such a manner that the main surface of the first semiconductor chip is opposed to the main surface of the wiring substrate; a second semiconductor chip having a main surface, a plurality of semiconductor elements and a plurality of electrodes, the second semiconductor chip being mounted over the main surface of the wiring substrate through a plurality of second bump electrodes in such a manner that the main surface of the second semiconductor chip is opposed to the main surface of the wiring substrate and side faces of the first and the second semiconductor chips are adjacent to each other; a third semiconductor chip having a main surface, a plurality of semiconductor elements and a plurality of electrodes, the third semiconductor chip being mounted over the first and second semiconductor chips in such a manner that a rear surface of the third semiconductor chip is opposed to rear surfaces of the first and second semiconductor chips; a plurality of bonding wires electrically connecting the plurality of electrodes of the third semiconductor chip and the plurality of electrode pads respectively; a first resin member sealing between the main surface of the first semiconductor chip and the main surface of the wiring substrate, between the main surface of the second semiconductor chip and the main surface of the wiring substrate, and between the adjacent side faces of the first and second semiconductor chips; and a second resin member sealing the first semiconductor chip, the second semiconductor chip, the third semiconductor chip, part of the main surface of the wiring substrate and part of the first resin member; wherein the first resin member contains a first silica filler, the first silica filler having a first particle diameter smaller than a distance between the adjacent side faces of the first and second semiconductor chips, and wherein the second resin member contains a second silica filler, the second silica filler having a second particle diameter larger than the distance between the adjacent side faces of the first and second semiconductor chips. 